Mathematical Symbols Chinese-English Comparison Table

Mathematical Symbols Chinese-English Comparison Table

A comprehensive guide to mathematical notation for CSCA preparation.

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Mathematical Symbol (shùxué fúhào)	Symbol Meaning (fúhào hányì)	Chinese Pronunciation (Hànyǔ dúfǎ)	English Pronunciation (Yīngyǔ dúfǎ)
ℕ	非负整数集 / 自然数集	fēi fù zhěng shù jí / zì rán shù jí	ℕ
ℕ* / ℤ+	正整数集	zhèng zhěng shù jí	ℕ star / ℤ plus
ℤ	整数集	zhěng shù jí	ℤ
ℚ	有理数集	yǒu lǐ shù jí	ℚ
ℝ	实数集	shí shù jí	ℝ
$\in$	(元素)属于(集合)	shǔ yú	to belong to
$\notin$	(元素)不属于(集合)	bù shǔ yú	to not belong to
$\emptyset$	空集	kōng jí	empty set
$\subseteq$	(前面的集合)包含于(后面的集合)	bāo hán yú	to be included in
$\subsetneq$	(前面的集合)真包含于(后面的集合)	zhēn bāo hán yú	to be properly included in
=	等于	děng yú	to equal
$\cap$	交集	jiāo	intersection
$\cup$	并集	bìng	union
$\Leftrightarrow$	等价于	děng jià yú	to be equivalent to
+	加 / 正(的)	jiā / zhèng (de)	plus / positive
-	减 / 负(的)	jiǎn / fù (de)	minus / negative
$\times$	乘	chéng	times
$\div$	除以	chú yǐ	divided by
>	大于	dà yú	larger than
<	小于	xiǎo yú	less than
$\ge$	大于等于	dà yú děng yú	not less than (or greater than or equal to)
$\le$	小于等于	xiǎo yú děng yú	not larger than (or less than or equal to)
$\frac{a+b}{2}$	二分之a加b	èr fēn zhī a jiā b	a plus b over two
$\sqrt{ab}$	a与b乘积的算术平方根	gēn hào xià a chéng b	square root of a times b
$a^n$	a的n次幂	a de n cì mì	the n-th power of a
$\sqrt[n]{a}$	a的n次方根	n cì gēn hào xià a	n-th root of a
$\Delta$	$\Delta = b^2 - 4ac$	delta	[delta]
$\infty$	无穷 (无限大)	wú qióng	infinity
$+\infty$	正无穷	zhèng wú qióng	positive infinity
$-\infty$	负无穷	fù wú qióng	negative infinity
$[2, +\infty)$	左闭右开区间2到正无穷	zuǒ bì yòu kāi qū jiān 2 dào zhèng wú qióng	left closed and right open interval from two to positive infinity
$(1, 2)$	开区间1到2	kāi qū jiān 1 dào 2	open interval from one to two
$[1, 2]$	闭区间1到2	bì qū jiān 1 dào 2	closed interval from one to two
$(-\infty, 1]$	左开右闭区间负无穷到1	zuǒ kāi yòu bì qū jiān fù wú qióng dào 1	left open and right closed interval from negative infinity to one
$|a|$	a的绝对值	a de jué duì zhí	the absolute value of a
$\forall$	对任意的 / 对每一个	duì rèn yì de	for any / for every
$\exists$	存在	cún zài	to exist
$y=f(x)$	函数 y=f(x)	hán shù y děng yú f of x	y equals f(x)
$D_f$	函数 y=f(x) 的定义域	dìng yì yù	domain of function y=f(x)
$R_f$	函数 y=f(x) 的值域	zhí yù	range of function y=f(x)
$y=f^{-1}(x)$	函数 y=f(x) 的反函数	fǎn hán shù	y equals f minus one x
$a^{-m}$	a的负m次幂	a de fù m cì mì	the minus m-th power of a
$\frac{1}{a^m}$	a的m次幂分之一	a de m cì mì fēn zhī yī	one over the m-th power of a
$a^{\frac{m}{n}}$	a的n分之m次幂	a de n fēn zhī m cì mì	a to the power of m over n
$\sqrt[n]{a^m}$	n次根号(下) a的m次幂	n cì gēn hào xià a de m cì mì	the n-th root of the m-th power of a
$a^{-\frac{m}{n}}$	a的负n分之m次幂	a de fù n fēn zhī m cì mì	a to the power of minus m over n
$\frac{1}{\sqrt[n]{a^m}}$	n次根号(下)a的m次幂分之一	n cì gēn hào xià a de m cì mì fēn zhī yī	one over the n-th root of the m-th power of a
$\log_a N$	以a为底N的对数	yǐ a wéi dǐ N de duì shù	log base a of N
$\sin \alpha$	角的正弦	zhèng xián	sine a
$\cos \alpha$	角的余弦	yú xián	cosine a
$\tan \alpha$	角的正切	zhèng qiē	tangent a
$\cot \alpha$	角的余切	yú qiē	cotangent a
$\sec \alpha$	角的正割	zhèng gē	secant a
$\csc \alpha$	角的余割	yú gē	cosecant a
$<\vec{a}, \vec{b}>$	两个向量的夹角	liǎng gè xiàng liàng de jiā jiǎo	the included angle of the vectors a and b
$y=\arcsin x$	反正弦函数	fǎn zhèng xián hán shù	y equals arc sine x
$y=\arccos x$	反余弦函数	fǎn yú xián hán shù	y equals arc cosine x
$y=\arctan x$	反正切函数	fǎn zhèng qiē hán shù	y equals arc tangent x
$y=arccot x$	反余切函数	fǎn yú qiē hán shù	y equals arc cotangent x
$\{a_n\}$	数列	shù liè	sequence
$a_n$	数列的通项	shù liè de tōng xiàng	general term of sequence an
$d$	等差数列的公差	děng chā shù liè de gōng chā	common difference
$S_n$	数列的前n项和	qián n xiàng hé	sum of the first n terms
$\Sigma$	求和符号	qiú hé fú hào	sigma
$q$	等比数列的公比	děng bǐ shù liè de gōng bǐ	common ratio
$\mathbb{C}$	复数集	fù shù jí	set of complex numbers
$Re(z)$	复数的实部	fù shù de shí bù	real part of z
$Im(z)$	复数的虚部	fù shù de xū bù	imaginary part of z
$\bar{z}$	z的共轭复数	z de gòng è fù shù	conjugate of z
$l_1 // l_2$	$l_1$ 平行于 $l_2$	píng xíng yú	l1 parallel to l2
$l_1 \perp l_2$	$l_1$ 垂直于 $l_2$	chuí zhí yú	l1 perpendicular to l2
$\vec{AB}$	向量AB	xiàng liàng AB	vector AB
$|\vec{AB}|$	AB的模	AB de mó	the modulus of AB
$\vec{a}$	向量a	xiàng liàng a	vector a
$\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}$	两个向量的内积	nèi jī	the inner product of the vectors a and b
$|P_1 P_2|$	$P_1, P_2$ 两点间的距离	liǎng diǎn jiān de jù lí	the distance between points P1 and P2
$\lim_{n \to \infty} a_n$	数列 $\{a_n\}$ 的极限	jí xiàn	the limit of an
$f'(x)$	函数 $f(x)$ 的导函数	dǎo shù	the derivative of f(x)
$f''(x)$	函数 $f(x)$ 的二阶导函数	èr jiē dǎo shù	the second-order derivative of f(x)
$f'''(x)$	函数 $f(x)$ 的三阶导函数	sān jiē dǎo shù	the third-order derivative of f(x)
$f^{(4)}(x)$	函数 $f(x)$ 的四阶导函数	sì jiē dǎo shù	the fourth-order derivative of f(x)
$f^{(n)}(x)$	函数 $f(x)$ 的 n 阶导函数	n jiē dǎo shù	the n-th derivative of f(x)
$A_n^m$	排列数 (从n个元素中取m个)	pái liè shù	permutation
$n!$	n的阶乘	n de jiē chéng	the factorial of n
$C_n^m$	组合数 (从n个元素中取m个)	zǔ hé shù	combination
$\bar{A}$	随机事件A的对立事件	duì lì shì jiàn	the complementary events of A
$P(A)$	随机事件A发生的概率	gài lǜ	the probability of Event A
$P(A|B)$	条件概率 (在B发生的条件下A发生的概率)	tiáo jiàn gài lǜ	the probability of Event A under the condition of Event B
$E(X)$	随机变量X的数学期望	shù xué qī wàng	the mathematical expectation of X
$D(X)$	随机变量X的方差	fāng chā	the variance of X
$N(\mu, \sigma^2)$	正态分布	zhèng tài fēn bù	the normal distribution
$N(0, 1)$	标准正态分布	biāo zhǔn zhèng tài fēn bù	the standard normal distribution